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Jimi Hendrix
Seattle, WA has
had a large effect on American music in general. Most
people largely assume Seattle's only musical legacy is the Grunge
sound of Nirvana and the like, or Hip Hop's Sir Mix-A-Lot
(best known for 'Baby Got Back' and 'Jump On It').
Notable as those examples are, they are far from the only
ones. Ray Charles began his professional career after
relocating to Seattle, Quincy Jones was born and raised in
Seattle and Wes Montgomery and his 2 brothers spent a large
amount of time living and working in the area. Perhaps the best
known native son musician of Seattle is Jimi Hendrix.
Born to Al Hendrix and Lucille Jeter Hendrix on November 27,
1942, Buster (as he was nicknamed, after the character
Buster Brown) grew up a shy and sensitive boy. At age 4, Al
legally changed his son's name from Johnny Allen Hendrix to
James Marshall Hendrix. The remainder of his troubled childhood,
he'd be known as Jimmy or James. Young James was deeply affected
by two milestone events of his youth. At age nine his parents
were divorced and in 1958 his mother was called home.
Jimi's first musical influences were Elvis Presley and Little
Richard. He was exposed to the blues through someone who rented a
room from his Father. The tenant always played the music of
Lightnin Hopkins, Muddy Waters and others. Another profound
influence for the legendary guitarist was western movie and TV
character Johnny 'Guitar' Logan. The character was known for
helping people, rather than a pistol, his weapon of choice was a guitar.
Hendrix got his very first guitar around age 14, literally retrieving
what another kid had tossed out. The instrument was was in bad
shape to say the least, being battered beyond belief,
it only had one string. However, as it was his,
Jimi wore it on his back with pride, much like his hero Johnny
Guitar. This very guitar was also what caused Jimi to learn how
to experiment with sound. Later, his father bought Jimi his first
electric guitar, a white Supro Ozark. Jimi would flip over
and reversed the strings so he could play it as a left-handed
guitar. The guitar-great learned many
playing techniques by listening to and watching the stylings of
T-Bone Walker and Chuck Berry.
His first band was a silver-lining of sorts. Hendrix' first gig
went slightly less than well. He was fired between sets at an
area synagogue. However from the experience came the formation of
his band, 'The Velvetones.' The band played numerous shows
at the Yesler Terrace Neighborhood House. The venue also held the
dubious distinction of being where his Supro Ozark was stolen. Al
then bought Jimi a Silvertone Danelectro guitar, which Jimi promptly
painted red and had the name of his High School sweetheart, Betty Jean,
printed on.
Hendrix's next band would be 'The Kasuals,' was composed of stations at
Fort Campbell (Kentucky). Less than a year later Jimi was
discharged. He and bandmember Billy Cox then moved to
Clarksville, TN and reformed their group with the name 'The King
Kasuals.' Eventually the group moved on to Nashville, TN where
Hendrix experienced his first studio session in November 1962.
That was another, less than progressive, 'first' for Jimi as his parts
were cut because people were not ready for his wild style of
playing.
Over the next 3 years Hendrix toured the 'Chitlin Circuit' with The
King Kasuals, Chuck Jackson, Slim Harpo, Tommy Tucker, Sam Cooke and
Jackie WIlson. Due to the hardships and racism of the South's
Chiltin Circuit, Jimi left for greener pastures in New York.
January of 1964, Hendrix moved to Harlem, where he instantly met
girlfriend Lithofayne Pridgeon and the Aleem Twins. Through
Pridgeon and the twins, Hendrix was introduced to the Harlem scene
and was able to develop a graceful way of dealing with political groups
like the Black Panthers. A month later, Hendrix won Amateur Night
at The Apollo Theatre. However, despite that accomplishment and
the connections it provided, Jimi still had difficulty breaking into
the NY music scene.
His experience in the Black capitol of Amerika wasn't all bad, though,
while there he earned a place as guitarist for The Isley Brother's
national tour. This would lead to Hendrix's first successful
studio session, playing on the Isley Brother's hit 'Testify.'
Once the tour hit Nashville, Jimi left to tour with Gorgeous George
Odell. Once in Atlanta, Hendrix was then hired by Little Richard
to play as a member of The Upsetters, Richard's backing band. Due
to personality clashes between the two legendary rock stars, Jimi
joined Ike and Tina Turner's band. His time with them was brief, though
as he was fired and rehired by Little Richard. However that too
was illfated as it was not long before Hendrix was banned from the
band.
In the fall of 1965 Hendrix joined Curtis Knight and the Squires.
Jimi later took 2 months off from the Squires to tour with Joey
Dee and the Starlighters. In October of that year, Hendrix
signed a contract with Ed Chalpin, earning him a royalty of $1 and
1% on records with Curtis Knight. Around this time Hendrix
moved from Harlem to Greenwich Village in search of a more receptive
audience.
The move to Greenwich Village brought the formation of his band Jimmy
James and the Blue Flames. They gained local fame playing all
over NYC. It also gave him access to bigger named members of the
music industry, such as: Frank Zappa (who as legend as it,
introduced Jimi to the wah-wah pedal effect), Les Paul Chas
Chandler and several members of the Rolling Stones' organization.
Chandler whisked Jimi off to London, signing him to a
management and production contract with Chandler and fellow ex-Animals'
manager Michael Jeffery. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was then
formed. The effects of which are too much classic material
to mention here.
In 1970, Electric Lady Studios was opened in NYC by Jimi and Michael
Jeffery. It was meant to have a stable and appealing environment
for Hendrix to work in, without incurring astronomical studio costs.
A concern recognized during the making of the 'Electric
Ladyland' album. Hendrix only recorded in Electric Lady for
weeks, though. Among those final sessions of his life was the
recording of the song 'Slow Blues.'
September 18, 1970 James Marshall (Johnny Allen) 'Jimi' Hendrix
was found dead in the basement flat of Samarkand Hotel in
London.